![]() CONTROL SYSTEM FOR A HARVESTER.
专利摘要:
The invention relates to a control system for a combine harvester with a crop processing system, a control panel (10) that allows the operator to set different operating parameters of the crop processing system, which parameters influence the harvesting performance, and a set of sensors for determining the quality parameters present of the crop. crop. The control system includes a data processor and a screen (12) for visually communicating information to the operator. The system determines when a crop quality parameter exceeds an acceptable threshold. After such determination, the control system indicates an operating parameter the adjustment of which is recommended in order to reduce the crop quality parameter to an acceptable value. The recommended operating parameter is derived from data stored in a look-up table within the data processor 公开号:BE1019098A3 申请号:E2009/0574 申请日:2009-09-17 公开日:2012-03-06 发明作者:Kris Hindryckx;Bart M A Missotten;Dries M J Depreitere 申请人:Cnh Belgium Nv; IPC主号:
专利说明:
CONTROL SYSTEM FOR A HARVESTER Domain of the invention The present invention relates to a control system for a harvesting machine, such as a combine harvester, provided with a crop processing system, a control panel for adjusting by a machine operator a plurality of operating parameters of the crop processing system that influence the harvesting performance, and a plurality of sensors for determining the present performance values of crop quality parameters. State of the art In a combine harvester, crop is harvested from a field and fed to a multiple crop processing system that separates the grain from the straw and the chaff. Ideally, all grain should be collected and stored in a grain tank while the straw and chaff are unloaded at the rear of the harvesting machine. To separate the grain from the rest of the crop material, the crop is first fed to a threshing system that includes a cylinder or drum that rotates past a threshing basket. This separates the straw from the grain and chaff. In conventional combine harvesters, the straw is brought to the rear of the harvesting machine by so-called straw shakers. In rotary type harvesters, the threshing drum is positioned in the longitudinal direction of the harvesting machine. The threshing drum then has a threshing section at the front and a separation section at the back, along which the straw is brought back in a spiral. The threshed straw is laid on the field in a windrow and later pressed to bales, or it is chopped and spread evenly on the ground. The grain is separated from the chaff by a cleaning system in which it is thrown over seven while a blower blows a stream of air through the seven. The chaff is blown away while the grain falls through the sieves and is collected in a trough, from where it is then transported to a grain tank by a suitable transport system. Krinzen, these are spikes that contain grain that has not yet been separated from the straw, cannot fall through the seven and eventually end up in a distinct trough from where they are recycled by the threshing mechanism. In order to understand the present invention, it is not considered necessary to describe the construction of combine harvesters in more detail, but more information can be obtained from numerous references from the prior art, such as from US 4,344,443. In every type of combine harvester there are different operating parameters of the crop processing system that will influence the harvest quality. In particular, if the parameter settings are not correct for the crop or harvest conditions that occur, cereal grains may be broken, the grain collected in the grain tank may contain too much material other than grain (also known as MOG - Material Other than Grain), there may be an excess of crinches can be released by the cleaning system, and the efficiency of crop processing can be reduced, resulting in grain losses behind the machine. Parameters such as grain purity, grain breakage, amount of crinches and grain losses, which are hereinafter referred to as "crop quality parameters", can be measured by known sensors, so that the operator can be warned of poor crop processing. However, the transmission of all necessary information to the operator resulted in increasingly complex interfaces that make it difficult even for experienced operators to decide what to do when they receive a warning that the crop is not being optimally processed. This problem is exacerbated by the fact that harvesting machines are often operated by less skilled operators, due to a shortage of experienced workers. Object of the invention The present invention therefore seeks to provide a control system with an improved interface that allows to optimize harvesting quality, even when the harvesting machine is used by an operator who is not an expert. Main features of the invention According to the invention, a control system is provided for a harvesting machine with a crop processing system, a control panel that allows an operator of the harvesting machine to adjust a plurality of operating parameters of the crop processing system, which parameters influence the harvesting performance, and a plurality of sensors for determining of occurring values of crop quality parameters, wherein the control system comprises a data processor and a screen for communicating information visually to the operator and the control system is operative to determine that a crop quality parameter exceeds an acceptable threshold value characterized in that the control system is operative to, as a result of such determination, inform the operator of an operating parameter whose adjustment is recommended in order to reduce the crop quality parameter to an acceptable value, the recommended operating parameter being derived from data recorded in a look-up table in the data processor. The data processor preferably also comprises an input device that allows the data processor to receive instructions from the operator and is operable to automatically execute the recommendation upon receipt of an input from the operator who agrees with a recommended control. Advantageously, for each crop type, the look-up table contains default settings for the group of operating parameters that influence a given crop quality parameter, and the data processor is operative to select from that group the operating parameter whose present setting differs most from the stored default setting. Performing the recommended adjustment may cause the difference between the existing setting and the standard setting of the operating parameter to be reduced by a fixed ratio of the difference, e.g. by half the difference. This avoids situations in which a direct jump to the standard setting may lead to an overreaction and sub-optimal operation. If the newly established setting does not bring the quality parameters within the required limits, a new adjustment may be recommended to bring the setting closer to the default value in a subsequent proportional step. This approach temperes any response to deviating quality parameters. The default settings stored in the look-up table can either be settings determined by the manufacturer or settings selected by an experienced operator, taking into account the environmental factors that affect harvesting, such as temperature and humidity. Similarly, the threshold values may either be preset by the manufacturer or selected by an experienced operator. In this way the invention allows an experienced operator to adjust the combine and the sensitivity to losses, critters, MOG, broken grain, etc., before leaving the harvesting machine to a less experienced operator. When an alarm condition occurs, the less experienced operator should not call anyone, but the data processor on board the machine will indicate what corrections are needed to resolve the reported problem. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the non-optimum performance warning screen has a "Help" button, which, when selected by the operator, will display a recommended action on the screen. The operator can then choose to have the recommendation executed or to ignore it. Brief description of the figures The invention is now further described, by way of example, with reference to the accompanying figures, in which: Figure 1 is a view of a screen with the image displayed to the operator during harvesting; and Figure 2 is a second view of the screen showing the assistance provided to the operator by a control system according to the present invention when an excess of critters is detected. Detailed description of preferred embodiments The figures show a control panel with a screen that serves as the interface between the control system of the present invention and the vehicle operator. The control panel essentially comprises a housing - · ..... - ^ 10, a screen 12 on which images created by the data processor of the control system are displayed and various navigation and selection buttons 14. The control panel is known per se and with some more detail described in EP 1714822. The contents of this document as a whole are incorporated herein by reference for the sake of brevity. In an alternative embodiment, the control panel may comprise a touch screen, in which case no navigation and selection buttons are required. The image shown in Figure 1 is divided into two zones. The zone on the left relates to functions such as travel speed, which are not particularly relevant to the present invention and require no further description. The right-hand side of the screen, on the other hand, concerns the operating parameters of the crop processing system that affect the harvesting business. The present values of different farm parameters that influence the harvest farm are shown in cells of a table, with a symbolic icon next to it. The cells of the left-hand column of the table in the figure are the engine load, the engine speed, the speed of the threshing drum (indicated as “Drum Speed”) and the speed of the blower of the cleaning system. In the right column the cells show the values of the manual height adjustment (of the header), the opening of the concave (the distance between the concave and the concave) and the harvesting speed expressed in hectares per hour. Walking through the screen brings other cells up for other operating parameters such as the opening of the upper and lower sieves, which also affect crop quality. In addition, the right-hand side of the table contains a cell with the text “ACS Help”; this is a cell that the operator can select to get assistance with automatic crop adjustment (Automatic Crop Setting), as further explained below. The image on the screen in Figure 1 shows the present values of the farm parameters with influence on the harvest farm and also graphical images of the occurring values of measured crop quality parameters. These further images are in the form of three "hoppers" 16, 18 and 20, shown below the operating parameters table. Each funnel is divided into two halves, each representing a different measured crop quality parameter. The measured parameter is represented by a symbolic icon on the relevant side of the funnel. The right half of the hopper 16 indicates the grain losses of the threshing and separation system and the right half the grain losses of the cleaning system. Both halves of the funnel 18 relate to the quality of the grain collected, the left half depicts the value of MOG and the right half the broken grain grains. The third funnel gives the volume flow rate (T / h) of the krinzen and the amount of grain in the krinzenstroom respectively. The halves of the hoppers are like scales on a thermometer that are progressively illuminated as the values of the indicated crop quality parameters increase. If the parameter remains well below the acceptable threshold value, the image of the parameter is green. When the value rises to the threshold value, the color of the image turns yellow and when the threshold value is exceeded it becomes red. This color code allows an operator to determine at a glance whether all crop quality parameters are within acceptable limits. With the values depicted in Figure 1, the left-hand half of the right-hand funnel 20 will be red to indicate that the mass flow rate of the krinzen is too high. An experienced operator will know at this point which settings he needs to change to bring machine operation to an acceptable level, but a less experienced operator will not know what to do and will in many cases fall back on reducing the harvest rate by a lower driving speed of the combine, which prevents the crop processing system from working against its limits. On the other hand, the operator can call an experienced operator for further instructions. In both cases, it is inevitable that the time required for a specific harvesting assignment will increase. In the described embodiment of the invention, the "ACS Help" cell will light for selection by the operator using buttons 14 as soon as the occurring value of a crop quality parameter is unacceptably high. When a touch screen is used, the operator can simply touch the “ACS Help” cell. When the operator asks for help in some way, the screen shows adjustments as shown in Figure 2. Here the nature of the problem is indicated to the operator in words in a screen and an action is recommended to solve the problem. In this case, the recommendation is to increase the speed of the blower by 50 rpm. At the same time, the operator is asked to indicate whether or not this recommendation is acceptable. If he selects "OK", the change will be implemented and no further recommendation will be made for about a minute, so that the effect of the change can occur. The control panel is connected to a data processor that receives input from various sensors for reporting the existing settings of the operating parameters and the occurring values of the crop quality parameters. The data processor consults a look-up table with an acceptable threshold value stored for each crop quality parameter and the various operating parameters that affect it. Default values for the different operating parameters are also stored for each crop type, either as a setting by the manufacturer or as a setting by an experienced operator. The acceptable thresholds are also set as factory settings or by an experienced operator. Walking through a menu brings each of the available default settings to the screen and allows selection of the factory setting or further change by the operator. When an acceptable threshold value is exceeded, the current values of those operating parameters that are associated with the relevant crop quality parameter in the look-up table are compared with the stored or originally set default values. The different values are compared with each other and the operating parameter for which the current set value deviates most from the stored standard value is retained for adjustment. The magnitude of the recommended adjustment has the effect of reducing the difference between the current setting and the standard setting by a fixed ratio, e.g. with 50%. If the problem persists after sixty seconds, the process is repeated but now a different operating parameter can be found that differs most from the stored default value, and other settings can be adjusted. If the same parameter still differs the most, the system will generate a recommendation that reduces the difference between the occurring setting and the standard setup with the same ratio. The crop quality parameters that can act as inputs for the data processor are: - Separation losses - Cleaning losses - Krinzen or return volume - Broken grain (by a suitable sensor, such as the New Holland GrainCam ™ sensor, if installed) - Grain purity (by a suitable sensor, such as the New Holland GrainCam ™ sensor, if installed) The operating parameters that can be automatically controlled to solve the problems identified are: - Opening of the concave - Speed of the threshing drum - Speed of the blower of the cleaning - Opening of the upper sieve - Opening of the lower sieve In addition to the automatic control, the data processor can also recommend adjustments to be performed manually or maintenance work to be performed for a problem that cannot be solved solely by adjusting the settings of the operating parameters. These recommendations for manual adjustments or maintenance are shown on the screen when the operating parameters are close to the standard values and the crop quality parameter has still not reached an acceptable level. The recommendations for automatic control and maintenance can be as follows for the crop quality parameters described above: Grain breakage Automatic control - Increase the opening of the concave - Decrease the speed of the threshing drum Recommendations - Decrease the driving speed / reduce the header - Open the bucket plates / clean the concave - Adjust the tension of the grain elevator chain - Adjust the chain of the straw elevator / the height of the elevator auger Grain impurity Automatic control - Increase the speed of the cleaning blower - Decrease the speed of the threshing drum - Increase the opening of the concave - Open the top sieve - Close the bottom sieve Recommendations - Clean the sieves Grain losses in the threshing system Automatic control - Increase the speed of the threshing drum - Reduce the opening of the concave Recommendations - Clean the concave and the separator basket - Install agitator pins or add - Check whether the crop is ripe Crop losses in the cleaning system Automatic control - Reduce the speed of the blower - Vfirnrnnt df »nnenino of the concave '-% j" ---- ~ i- —..... - - -. _. . - Reduce the speed of threshing drum - Open the upper sieve - Open the lower sieve Recommendations - Set the sieve cabinet at a high speed - Recalibrate the self-leveling sieve cabinet Too large return volume (krinzen) Automatic control - Increase the speed of the blower - Open the lower sieve - Decrease the speed of the threshing drum - Increase the opening of the concave - Decrease the speed of the blower Recommendations - Clean the sieves The system can provide for the use of the harvesting machine in one of three modes. A first "manual" mode would involve complete control by the operator, without the system making any recommendations for the correction of any deviations. Nevertheless, the “ACS Help” button is still available and can be selected at any time to receive recommendations for better harvesting machine operation. The recommended actions are also carried out after approval by the operator. In a second “ACS Help” mode, the system will notify the operator when one or more threshold values are exceeded. After pressing the “ACS Help” button, recommendations for interventions appear, which will be executed automatically as soon as the operator gives his approval, as described above. A third full “ACS” mode will automatically perform the interventions that data processor suggests. This mode would be equivalent to the immediate approval by the operator of any recommendation made in the second * mode. Nevertheless, the operator will be notified of any automatic adjustment and the screen will display the message "Interrupt automatic control " So that he has the opportunity to stop it and possibly revoke the automatic control.
权利要求:
Claims (9) [1] A control system for a harvesting machine with a crop processing system, a control panel (10) which allows an operator of the harvesting machine to adjust a plurality of operating parameters of the crop processing system, which parameters influence the harvesting performance, and a plurality of sensors for determining present values of crop quality parameters, wherein the control system comprises a data processor and a screen (12) for visually communicating information to the operator and the control system is operable to determine that a crop quality parameter exceeds an acceptable threshold value, characterized in that the control system is operative, as a result of such a determination, to inform the operator of an operating parameter whose adjustment is recommended in order to reduce the crop quality parameter to an acceptable value, the recommended operating parameter being derived from data stored in a look-up table in the d ataprocessor. [2] A control system as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the look-up table for each crop quality parameter of a group affecting the crop quality parameter includes default settings: and the data processor is operable to select from the group the operating parameter whose setting is most different from the saved default setting. [3] A control system as described in claim 2, wherein implementation of the recommended adjustment results in the reduction of the difference between the existing setting and the standard setting of the adjusted operating parameter with a predetermined ratio of the difference. [4] A control system as described in claim 3, wherein the predetermined ratio is 50%. [5] A control system as described in any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein the stored default settings can be selected by an operator. [6] A control system as described in any one of the preceding claims, wherein the stored acceptable threshold values can be selected by an operator. [7] A control system as described in any one of the preceding claims, comprising a manual operating mode in which recommendations for improving harvesting performance are communicated to the operator only on request and the recommendations, if approved, are carried out manually by the operator. [8] A control system as described in any one of the preceding claims, including an auxiliary operating mode in which the control system is operable to: alert the operator when one of the threshold values is exceeded; and upon receiving a request for assistance from the operator, to communicate a recommended action which the control system performs only upon receipt of a consent signal from the operator. [9] A control system as described in any one of the preceding claims, including an automatic operation mode in which the control system is operative to: notify the operator when one of the threshold values is exceeded, to communicate a recommended action to the operator; and automatically perform the recommended action whenever a threshold value is exceeded, unless or until a conflicting command is received from the operator.
类似技术:
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同族专利:
公开号 | 公开日 AT546040T|2012-03-15| GB0817172D0|2008-10-29| EP2165591B1|2012-02-22| EP2165591A1|2010-03-24| US7872587B2|2011-01-18| US20100071329A1|2010-03-25|
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法律状态:
2014-03-31| RE| Patent lapsed|Effective date: 20130930 |
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申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题 GB0817172|2008-09-19| GB0817172A|GB0817172D0|2008-09-19|2008-09-19|Control system for an agricultural harvesting machine| 相关专利
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